1. What?
1.1.1. synthesizing mRNA, directed by DNA
1.2. Translation
1.2.1. synthesizing polypeptide chain, directed by RNA
2. Who?
2.1. Transcription
2.1.1. DNA
2.1.2. mRNA
2.1.3. Nucleotides of RNA
2.2. Translation
2.2.1. mRNA
2.2.2. tRNA
2.2.3. Ribosomes
2.2.4. Amino Acids
3. When?
3.1. a gene is directed to code for a protein
4. The place?
4.1. Nuclear Envelope
4.1.1. Translation
4.2. Cytoplasm
4.2.1. Transcription
5. How? – “protein synthesis concept map”
5.1. Transcription
5.1.1. 1) DNA begins to uncoil
5.1.2. 2) One strand begins synthesis
5.1.3. 3) mRNA is synthesized
5.1.4. 4) Each DNA strands recouple
5.1.5. 5) Processed mRNA leaves nucleus, enters cytoplasm
5.2. Translation
5.2.1. 1) tRNA carries amino acids to mRNA
5.2.2. 2) tRNA anticodon pairs with mRNA codon
5.2.3. 3) Ribosomes transfer down mRNA chain
5.2.4. 4) First tRNA detaches from mRNA, permitting it to advance ahead
5.2.5. 5) When “STOP” codon is reached, course of ends and an animo acid chain is launched from the ribosome
5.2.6. 6) Amino acid chains grow to be proteins
6. Why?
6.1. Transcription
6.1.1. To create new copies of mRNA
6.2. Translation
6.2.1. To create new amino acid chains, forming new proteins
“protein synthesis concept map”