3Explorations Fonctionnelles Multidisciplinaires, AP-HP, Hôpital Tenon, F-75020 Paris, France
Summary
1. Introduction
We overview hereafter the seminal research that established a hyperlink between vitamin D metabolites (particularly calcitriol) and hypercalciuria or kidney stone formation in people, the information ensuing from animal experimental research and the epidemiological and interventional research devoted to vitamin D and kidney stones, and focus on the potential hyperlink between vitamin D and Randall’s plaque formation. Whether or not vitamin D dietary supplements or excessive 25-hydroxyvitamin D serum ranges could improve urinary calcium excretion and promote kidney stone formation has been debated. As well as, latest meta-analyses have highlighted that 25-hydroxyvitamin D serum ranges are larger in kidney stone sufferers affected by hypercalciuria and kidney stones [15,16].
2. Strategies
Convention abstracts weren’t included, however all peer-reviewed research have been thought of and mentioned within the overview. As well as, some important research devoted to Randall’s plaque and to the organic function of vitamin D are additionally cited and mentioned on this overview.
3. Vitamin D and Kidney Stones: An Outdated Story
4. Vitamin D and Kidney Stones: Classes from Animal Fashions
In distinction, the synergistic administration of calcium and cholecalciferol promoted the event of huge stones, addressing the danger of calcium and cholecalciferol co-administration, a minimum of on this mannequin. When wild-type Sprague–Dawley rats have been uncovered to injections of cholecalciferol each 3 weeks, they developed hypercalciuria and tiny calcium phosphate kidney stones [54]. Whether or not the mixed administration of calcium and cholecalciferol to people could promote kidney stone formation is supported by interventional research described hereafter.
5. Vitamin D Serum Ranges and Vitamin D Prescription: A Hyperlink with Kidney Stones?
Though there’s a giant consensus that top calcitriol ranges improve urine calcium and kidney stone formation, whether or not serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D circulating ranges or widespread vitamin D prescription may affect kidney stone formation continues to be debated.
6. Observational Research
Nonetheless, hypercalciuric stone formers had considerably larger calcitriol ranges but additionally larger 25-hydroxyvitamin D serum ranges than normocalciuric sufferers and controls. The outcomes supplied proof that kidney stone formers had considerably larger ranges of 25-hydroxyvitamin D than controls, each in European and Asian populations. A latest meta-analysis based mostly upon six case-control research and one randomized managed trial reported within the literature investigated the connection between circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D and the danger of stone formation [15].