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Abstract
An open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0 Unported, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Vitamin D insufficiency affects almost 50% of the population worldwide. It is also suggested to measure the serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level as the initial diagnostic test in patients at risk for deficiency.
A meta-analysis published in 2007 showed that vitamin D supplementation was associated with significantly reduced mortality.
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man is its synthesis in human skin. 7-Dehydrocholesterol converts into cholecalciferol–vitamin D3–as a result of UV radiation.
25(OH)D hydroxylates in kidneys into 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D, calcitriol], which is considered an active metabolite of vitamin D. Epidemiological studies showed high prevalence of low concentrations of 25(OH)D especially in older population and people with chronic diseases. Based on these results a deficiency of vitamin D was defined. Patients with chronic renal disease experience development of serious bone impairments described as renal osteodystrophy.
Vitamin D Synthesis
Escribe the process of vitamin D synthesis in the body
The epidermal layer of human skin synthesizes vitamin D when exposed to UV radiation. Vitamin D is essential for normal absorption of calcium and phosphorous, which are required for healthy bones. The absence of sun exposure can lead to a lack of vitamin D in the body, leading to a condition called rickets, a painful condition in children where the bones are misshapen due to a lack of calcium, causing bowleggedness.
Elderly individuals who suffer from vitamin D deficiency can develop a condition called osteomalacia, a softening of the bones. In present day society, vitamin D is added as a supplement to many foods, including milk and orange juice, compensating for the need for sun exposure.
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