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Ovalbumin
Ovalbumin [1] (Fig. 1) is an virtually spherical glycophosphoprotein which is the commonest protein in egg white, representing almost 60 % of the entire. The peptide chain consists of 385 amino acids (MW = 42,700 Da). Hydroxyl teams from the aspect chains of serine-68 and serine-344 are esterified with phosphoric acid, and an oligosaccharide is hooked up to the aspect chain of asparagine-292.
Determine 1. Crystal construction of ovalbumin.
Ovotransferrin
Ovotransferrin [2] (Fig. 2), constituting 13 % of the egg white, consists of 686 amino acids (MW = 77,000 Da), and should bind two iron- or different multivalent-metal-cations. This bonding entails two phenolic hydroxyl teams (from tyrosine) and a nitrogen atom (on histidine). Robust binding with iron inhibits the expansion of microorganisms (in addition to Salmonella enteritidis) within the yolk, a course of that requires a continuing inflow of iron.
Determine 2. Crystal construction of ovotransferrin.
Ovomucoid
Ovomucoid [3] (Fig. 3) accounts for 11 % of the protein content material of egg white. It happens in varied varieties, which differ within the quantity of carbohydrate bonded by way of asparagine. 9 disulfide bridges and a excessive content material (< 80 %) of helical and β-pleated sheet constructions confer upon ovomucoid such a secure spatial construction that it isn't denatured even upon boiling. Determine 3. Crystal construction of ovomucoid.
Ovomucin – “what protein in egg white”
Ovomucin is a comparatively small protein (MW = 10 kDa) to whose amino acid chain all kinds of carbohydrate entities (glucosamine, glactosamine, hexoses, scialic acid) are certain, and a considerable portion of whose hydroxyl teams are esterified with sulfuric acid. As a consequence of its polar character, ovomucin aggregates to filamentous and fibroid constructions. The excessive viscosity of the egg white layers is a consequence of a excessive ovomucin content material.
Lysozyme
Lysozyme [4] (Fig. 4) is without doubt one of the most totally investigated of all proteins and was the very first protein subjected to X-ray structural evaluation [5]. As implied by its title, it’s an enzyme, one present in different animal tissues and secretions as nicely. It cleaves particular bonds in particular polysaccharides, ones that represent the cell partitions of many micro organism [6]. Lysozyme thus has antibacterial exercise, and gives an embryo with a measure of safety towards an infection throughout its developmental phases.
Determine 4. Crystal construction of lysozyme.
References
[1] P. E. Stein et al., J. Mol. Biol. 1991, 221, 941. DOI: 10.1016/0022-2836(91)80185-W
[2] H. Kurokawa et al., J. Mol. Biol. 1995, 254, 196. DOI: 10.1006/jmbi.1995.0611
[3] E. Weber et al., J. Mol. Biol. 1982, 158, 515. DOI: 10.1016/0022-2836(82)90212-1
[4] J. Wang et al., Acta Crystallogr. D 2007, 63, 1254. DOI: 10.1107/S0907444907054224
[5] C. C. Blake et al., Nature 1965, 206, 757. DOI: 10.1038/206757a0
[6] D. J. Vocadlo et al., Nature 2001, 412, 835. DOI: 10.1038/35090602
“what protein in egg white”