Search
Browse by Identify
Reporting Identify
Helpful For
Assessing the reason for irregular serum magnesium concentrations
utilizing a 24-hour urine assortment
Figuring out whether or not dietary magnesium masses are ample
Calculating urinary calcium oxalate and calcium phosphate
supersaturation and assessing kidney stone threat
Scientific Data – “magnesium 24”
Magnesium, together with potassium, is a serious intracellular
cation. Magnesium is a cofactor of many enzyme techniques. All
adenosine triphosphate-dependent enzymatic reactions require
magnesium as a cofactor. Roughly 70% of magnesium ions are
saved in bone. The rest are concerned in middleman
metabolic processes; about 70% are current in free type, whereas the
different 30% are sure to proteins (particularly albumin), citrates,
phosphate, and different complicated formers. The serum magnesium stage is
stored fixed inside very slender limits
Renal dealing with of magnesium is set by the mixture of
filtration and reabsorption. Roughly 70% of the magnesium in plasma
is filtered by the glomeruli; 20% to 30% of the filtered magnesium
is reabsorbed within the proximal tubule, whereas lower than 5% is
reabsorbed within the distal tubule and gathering duct.(1)
Quite a few causes of renal magnesium losing have been recognized
together with (however not restricted to) congenital defects (together with Barter
and Gitelman syndrome), numerous endocrine problems (together with
hyperaldosteronism and hyperparathyroidism), publicity to sure
medicine (ie, diuretics, cis-platinum, aminoglycoside antibiotics,
calcineurin inhibitors), and different miscellaneous causes (together with
persistent alcohol abuse). Gastrointestinal situations related to
fats malabsorption and persistent diarrhea may cause fecal magnesium
loss and hypomagnesemia. Excessive ranges of plasma magnesium are
sometimes solely seen in sufferers with decreased renal perform,
after administration of a magnesium load massive sufficient to exceed the
kidneys’ skill to excrete it, or a mix of the two.(2)
Magnesium is an inhibitor of calcium crystal progress and
contributes to urinary calcium oxalate and calcium phosphate
supersaturation. Nevertheless, low urinary magnesium in isolation has
not been recognized as a standard reason for kidney stones, nor has
magnesium supplementation been confirmed as an efficient remedy for
stone prevention.
Interpretation
Urinary magnesium excretion ought to be interpreted in live performance
with serum concentrations.
Within the presence of hypomagnesemia, a 24-hour urine magnesium
better than 24 mg/day or fractional excretion better than 0.5%
suggests renal magnesium losing. Decrease values recommend insufficient
magnesium consumption and/or gastrointestinal losses.
Within the presence of hypermagnesemia, urinary magnesium ranges
present a sign of present magnesium consumption.
Decrease urinary magnesium excretion will increase urinary calcium
oxalate and calcium phosphate supersaturation and will contribute
to kidney stone threat.
Particular Directions