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Summary
Key phrases
Metabolism
The metabolism of Mg and its physique distribution have been investigated in animals and people utilizing the radioactive isotope 28Mg(Reference Arnaud4, Reference Danielson, Johansson and Ljunghall5) however its use is proscribed by the quick half-life of 21 hours, and for human research by publicity to radiation. Thus, 25Mg and 26Mg steady isotopes have been utilized in human to precisely assess Mg absorption, excretion, bioavailability, pool sizes, and turnover. Nonetheless, the comparatively excessive abundance of the isotopes used (10·13 % for 25Mg and 11·17 % for 26Mg) imposes the administration of doses of Mg for analytical precision that could be absorbed and eradicated dose dependently. The imply organic half-life of Mg has been estimated to be between 41 and 181 days(Reference Avioli and Berman6, Reference Watson, Hilditch, Horton, Davies and Lindsay7). These values are in line with the statement that it takes 3 months to normalize a 20 % depletion of physique Mg shops(Reference Gold, Riediger, Matthes, Kuhn, Graef, Temme, Katz, Roka, Lasserre and Durlach8).
Compartments – “magnesium update”
Observations from steady isotope research in youngsters and adolescents point out that it isn’t attainable to instantly relate Mg deficiency to modifications within the exchangeable pool dimension or pool turnover(Reference Abrams and Ellis9). In adults, compartmental evaluation has proven that solely 25 % of complete physique Mg will be studied utilizing steady isotopes, i.e. that which quickly exchanges between the plasma compartment and two extra-plasma swimming pools. Consequently, nearly all of complete physique Mg escapes this evaluation and is transferred to long-term storage swimming pools, significantly bone(Reference Sabatier, Pont, Arnaud and Turnlund10) the place roughly half the physique’s Mg content material (1 mol) is discovered. Lower than 1 % of complete physique Mg is current in blood, with roughly 0·3 % in serum(Reference Elin2).
Biomarkers and assessments for standing evaluation
Blood cells