In this article we will be discussing a very common question: vitamin k antidote.
Medication Summary
Mplex concentrate (PCC), as a general guideline, a dosage of 50-100 units/kg IV at 12-hour intervals is recommended. The lower range is recommended for joint or mucous membrane bleeding. For soft tissue bleeding, 100 units/kg every 12 hours is recommended.
For severe hemorrhage (eg, central nervous system [CNS] bleeding), 100 units/kg every 12 hours is recommended, although a more frequent dosing interval (ie, 6 h) may be indicated until clear clinical improvement is achieved. Ffp may be administered instead of PCC or rFVIIa if those therapies are unavailable.
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The most appropriate management strategy in these patients is unknown.
This prospective cohort study was designed to address whether 1 mg of oral vitamin K effectively reduces the INR value of such patients. No adverse events or bleeding complications were observed.
Toxicology Library
Antidote Tox Library
Neil Long Dr Neil Long BMBS FACEM FRCEM FRCPC.
Emergency Physician at Burnaby Hospital in Vancouver.
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It is often initiated pending test results, but maintenance of vitamin K is not indicated for patients having diagnoses of thrombocytopenia, hereditary factor deficiencies, or DIC. Other vitamin K deficient states include: biliary obstruction, intrahepatic cholestasis, intestinal malabsorption and chronic oral antibiotic administration.
Warfarin is a relatively short-acting rodenticide, and treatment for a total of 1 week usually is adequate. Taper the maintenance dose by one-half every 2 weeks during treatment. In order to prevent relapse, continue therapy for 6 weeks.
Subcutaneous injection of Vitamin K1 is the preferred parenteral route of administration because intravenous Vitamin K1 can cause anaphylaxis, and hematomas may form at intramuscular sites. Vitamin K3 (Synkayvite, Roche) is not effective for treating rodenticide toxicity due to its delayed onset of action.